It most likely has to do with California's regulations pertaining to their Certificate of Need (CON) program. Long story short, the states that require CONs have utilization rules attached to their facilities. In Hawaii, the governing body is called SHPDA (State Health Planning and Development Agency). To attain an acute-care facility CON in Hawaii and build a new hospital, the hospitals in your desired service area (let's say Oahu county) have to show an average utilization rate of about 75%. If the hospitals aren't that full, then there is no justification for building a new facility.
Why do they do that? So that you don't waste resources and build/buy stuff that won't be utilized. A state like Texas doesn't require CONs and it's the literal Wild Wild West at times. Things get built and burnt down with frequency.
The result is a much more economical and efficient system regarding costs, resources, and waste. The downside is you don't have the slack to pick up a huge and sudden influx of patients. That's why our system cannot absorb a pandemic. It was never meant to.
Good points. Additionally, the HC system is a combination of public and private entities. Reimbursement from federal sources is sixty cents on the dollar. So a for-profit nursing home or Skilled Nursing Facility that would take a patient after hospitalization would either limit the number of federal patients they take or cut costs. Finding placement for a post-Covid 19 could potentially be problematic not only due to capacity but due to insurance. Add that to a state's uninsured like Kansas who did not expand Medicaid (18-64) and one that has more citizens in poverty, the backup in the system when there may be more demand for hospital beds as well as factoring in a state's bed capacity is a factor that a state's HC system's administrators must contend with. Also, since 2014, CMS has ratcheted up its oversight of such facilities, with corresponding penalties, which may include decreased reimbursements. Certainly, there are subpopulations in other parts of the country at risk - homeless, prison/detention including asylum-seeking children, oncology, dialysis and other immunocompromised, etc, which may be urban problems. The solution? Government hc institutions like the VA or military bases/ships....
That still may be constrained by the availability of appropriately skilled providers including nurses and respiratory therapists. Each state mentioned - Wyoming, Iowa, Kansas and Missouri - have their unique factors -- as does Hawaii.