Really? Portland, OR and Seattle, WA have vibrant inner cities.
Good point. Five cities completely or partially defeated expressway construction: New York (Manhattan), San Fransisco, Portland, Seattle, and to a lesser extent Denver. You kinda proved my point. Pretty funny too considering modern planning can be summed up as "hey how do we be more like these places?" This is like having a conversation with an OSU fan and he says "The Big Ten sucks..." and you say "No, OSU is really good." haha
It's probably worth noting that if my position is redlining affecting blacks and you give me the two prominent cities closest to
Alaska, well I just don't know what to say. A whopping 1% of Seattle's population was black in 1940, I imagine Portland was similar.
You you got me on "every," a few made it through alive and well.
And, according to your own facts, the government has been backing lending in these areas for almost 50 years, so how long can people keep using lack of investment as an excuse?
The difference between a reason and an excuse is your opinion of it. I can't change that. I'm just trying to get a more accurate discussion of
how they got there, as an addendum to another post. I am not saying redlining is the reason ghettos continue to be awful. Of course that's not the case.
I don't think it's making excuses if I point out all of the things white America had going for it in the 20th century and ask if black America also got to enjoy those fruits. GI Bill (read: opportunity to join a nascent college-educated middle class)? Barely. Suburbanization (read: moving to a crime-free city with adequate schools and superior opportunity)? Barely. Dominating the world in manufacturing with blue collar jobs that could raise a family and send kids to college? Barely.
I mean, at what point has the field been equal in reality? The post I responded to already admitted that poverty was systemic. I guess I'm just elaborating on that system.
Let me guess, it boils down to personal responsibility instead? It's easily the worse card in the deck. You can use it on anything. It's a copout from thinking. Factory closed down and you lost your pension? Should have had some personal responsibility and gotten an education when you had the chance. Grew up the youngest of four to a mother who had you at 19 and lived in the ghetto where you went to a high school with an average ACT of 15 and didn't make it out? Personal responsibility, shoulda had it.