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Obvious is the big one. Reduce current emmissions and tighten standards.
Road transport: Reducing CO2 emissions from vehicles - European Commission
European Union Legal jsutifcationntoclimit automobile emmissions
Transportation is now Europes biggest source of CO2. They already have reductions achieved and plan cuts of 18% followed by a 40% cur shortly after to give automobile makers time to adapt designs.
Road transport: Reducing CO2 emissions from vehicles - European Commission
European Union Legal jsutifcationntoclimit automobile emmissions
gislation adopted in 2014 laying down the modalities of the 2020/2021 targets asks the Commission to come forward with post-2020 targets by the end of 2015. The intention is to ensure that CO2 emissions from light-duty vehicles continue to be reduced while giving the automotive industry the certainty it needs to carry out long-term investments and develop innovative technologies. Any proposal of future targets will be based on a thorough assessment of their economic, social and environmental impacts.
CO2 labelling of cars
To help drivers choose new cars with low fuel consumption, EU legislation requires Member States to ensure that relevant information is provided to consumers, including a label showing a car's fuel efficiency and CO2 emissions.
Transportation is now Europes biggest source of CO2. They already have reductions achieved and plan cuts of 18% followed by a 40% cur shortly after to give automobile makers time to adapt designs.
Limit value curve
Emission limits are set according to the mass of vehicle, using a limit value curve. The curve is set in such a way that a fleet average of 130 grams of CO2 per kilometre is achieved by 2015 and 95 grams of CO2 per km by 2021. The limit value curve means that heavier cars are allowed higher emissions than lighter cars while preserving the overall fleet average. Only the fleet average is regulated, so manufacturers are still able to make vehicles with emissions above the limit value curve provided these are balanced by vehicles below the curve.
Phasing-in of requirements
The EU fleet average target of 130g/km will be phased in between 2012 and 2015. In 2012, an average of 65% of each manufacturer's newly registered cars must comply with the limit value curve set by the legislation. This will rise to 75% in 2013, 80% in 2014, and 100% from 2015 onwards. A shorter phase-in period will apply to the target of 95g/km: 95% of each manufacturer's new cars will have to comply with the limit value curve in 2020, increasing to 100% in 2021.
Penalty payments for excess emissions
If the average CO2 emissions of a manufacturer's fleet exceed its limit value in any year from 2012, the manufacturer has to pay an excess emissions premium for each car registered. This premium amounts to €5 for the first g/km of exceedance, €15 for the second g/km, €25 for the third g/km, and €95 for each subsequent g/km. From 2019, the cost will be €95 from the first gram of exceedance onwards.
Eco-innovations
Under the test procedure used for vehicle type approval, certain innovative technologies cannot demonstrate their CO2-reducing effects when being type approved. Manufacturers can be granted emission credits equivalent to a maximum emissions saving of 7g/km per year for their fleet if they equip vehicles with innovative technologies, based on independently verified data. These eco-innovation credits will be maintained for the 2021 target.